Division B
Part 5 - Environmental Separation (See Note A-5)
Section 5.1 General
5.1.1. Scope
5.1.1.1. Scope
(1)This Part is concerned with
(a)the control of condensation
(i)in building components and assemblies, and
(ii)on building materials, components and assemblies, and
(b)the transfer of heat, air, moisture and sound through
(i)building materials, components and assemblies, and
(ii)interfaces between building materials, components and assemblies. (See Note A-5.1.1.1.(1))
5.1.2. Application
5.1.2.1. Exposure to Exterior Space or the Ground and Separation of Dissimilar Environments
(1)This Part applies to
(a)building materials, components and assemblies exposed to exterior space or the ground, including those separating interior space from exterior space or separating interior space from the ground,
(b)building materials, components and assemblies separating environmentally dissimilar interior spaces, and (See Note A-5.8.)
(c)site materials, components, assemblies and grading that may affect environmental loads on building materials, components and assemblies exposed to exterior space or the ground. (See Note A-5.1.2.1.(1))
5.1.3. Definitions
5.1.3.1. Defined Words
(1)Words that appear in italics are defined in Article 1.4.1.2. of Division A.
5.1.4. Resistance to Loads and Deterioration
5.1.4.1. Structural and Environmental Loads (See Note A-5.1.4.1.)
(1)Building materials, components and assemblies that separate dissimilar environments or are exposed to the exterior shall be designed and constructed to provide sufficient capacity and integrity to resist or accommodate
(a)all environmental loads, and effects of those loads, that may reasonably be expected having regard to,
(i)the intended use of the building, and
(ii)the environment to which the materials, components and assemblies are subject, and
(b)all structural loads, and effects of those loads, that may be reasonably expected.
(2)Where building materials, components or assemblies perform more than one function, they shall satisfy the requirements of all of those functions. (See Note A-5.1.4.1.(2))
(3)Compliance with Clause (1)(a) shall be demonstrated by design complying with Subsection 5.2.1. and construction conforming to that design.
(4)Compliance with Clause (1)(b) shall be demonstrated by design complying with Subsection 5.2.2., and construction conforming to that design, with regard to
(a)materials, components and assemblies, and associated loads, that are identified in Part 4,
(b)air pressure loads imposed on air barrier systems,
(c)wind up-lift imposed on roofing, and
(d)hydrostatic pressure imposed on the means of protection from moisture in the ground.
(5)For materials, components, assemblies and loads to which Sentence (4) does not apply, compliance with Clause (1)(b) shall be demonstrated
(a)by design complying with Subsection 5.2.2. for individual applicable loads and construction conforming to that design, or
(b)in the case of common materials, components and assemblies, and their installation, by proven past performance over a period of several years for individual applicable loads. (See Note A-5.1.4.1.(5))
(6)Materials, components and assemblies separating dissimilar environments and assemblies exposed to the exterior, including their connections, that are subject to structural loads as defined in Article 5.2.2.1. shall
(a)transfer such loads to the building structure without adverse effects on the performance of other materials, components or assemblies,
(b)not deflect to a degree that adversely affects the performance of other materials, components or assemblies, and (See Note A-5.1.4.1.(6)(b) and (c))
(c)be designed, and constructed according to that design, to accommodate, (See Note A-5.1.4.1.(6)(b) and (c))
(i)the maximum relative structural movement that may reasonably be expected, and
(ii)construction tolerances that may be reasonably expected. (See Article 4.1.3.5., Sentence 4.1.3.3.(2) and Subsection 4.1.8. for information on different types of structural movements.) (See Note A-5.1.4.1.)
5.1.4.2. Resistance to Deterioration (See Note A-5.1.4.2.)
(1)Except as provided in Sentence (2), materials used in building components and assemblies that separate dissimilar environments, or in assemblies exposed to the exterior, shall be
(a)compatible with adjoining materials, and
(b)resistant to any mechanisms of deterioration that may reasonably be expected given,
(i)the nature and function of the materials,
(ii)the exposure of the materials, and
(iii)the climatic conditions in which the materials will be installed.
(2)Material compatibility and deterioration resistance are not required where it can be shown that incompatibility or uncontrolled deterioration will not adversely affect any of,
(a)the health or safety of building users,
(b)the intended use of the building, or
(c)the operation of building services.
(3)Design and construction of assemblies separating dissimilar environments and assemblies exposed to the exterior shall be in accordance with good practice, such as described in CSA S478, “Durability in buildings,” except that the prescribed minimum design service life of a building and the prescribed minimum design service life of building elements need not comply with Table 1 and Table 2 of that Standard.
(4)The design service life of a building and the design service life of a building element shall be considered by the designer in consultation with the building owner.
5.1.5. Other Requirements
5.1.5.1. Requirements in Other Parts of the Code
(1)Structural and fire safety requirements in other Parts of the Code shall apply.
Section 5.2 Loads and Procedures
5.2.1. Environmental Loads and Design Procedures
5.2.1.1. Exterior Environmental Loads
(1)Above ground climatic loads shall be determined according to MMAH Supplementary Standard SB-1, “Climatic and Seismic Data.”
(2)Except as provided in Sentence (3), below ground exterior environmental loads not described in MMAH Supplementary Standard SB-1, “Climatic and Seismic Data,” shall be determined from existing geological and hydrological data or from site tests.
(3)Where local design and construction practice has shown soil temperature analysis to be unnecessary, soil temperatures need not be determined. (See Note A-5.2.1.1.(3))
5.2.1.2. Interior Environmental Loads
(1)Interior environmental loads shall be determined in accordance with good engineering practice as described in Sentence 6.2.1.1.(1) based on the intended use of the space. (See Note A-5.2.1.2.(1))
5.2.1.3. Environmental Load and Transfer Calculations
(1)Calculations related to the transfer of heat, air and moisture and the transmission of sound shall conform to good engineering practice such as that described in the ASHRAE Handbooks.
(2)For the purposes of any analysis conducted to indicate conformance to the thermal resistance levels required in Article 5.3.1.2., soil temperatures shall be determined based on annual average soil temperature, seasonal amplitude of variation and attenuation of variation with depth.
(3)Wind load calculations shall conform to Subsection 4.1.7.
5.2.2. Structural Loads and Design Procedures
5.2.2.1. Determination of Structural Loads and Effects
(1)Where materials, components or assemblies that separate dissimilar environments or are exposed to the exterior, or their connections, are required to be designed for structural loads, these loads shall be determined in accordance with Part 4.
(2)Except as provided in Article 4.1.8.18., the structural loads referred to in Sentence (1) and their related effects shall include,
(a)dead loads transferred from structural elements,
(b)wind, snow, rain, hydrostatic and earth pressures,
(c)earthquake effects for post-disaster buildings, depending on their intended function, (See Note A-5.2.2.1.(2)(c))
(d)live loads due to use and occupancy, and
(e)loads due to thermal or moisture-related expansion and contraction, deflection, deformation, creep, shrinkage, settlement, and differential movement.
(3)Where materials, components or assemblies that separate dissimilar environments or are exposed to the exterior, or their connections, can be expected to be subject to loads or other effects not otherwise described in this Subsection or in Part 4, such loads or other effects shall be taken into account in the design based on the most current and applicable information available.
5.2.2.2. Determination of Wind Load (See Note A-5.2.2.2.)
(1)This Article applies to the determination of wind load to be used in the design of materials, components and assemblies, including their connections, that separate dissimilar environments or are exposed to the exterior, where these are,
(a)subject to wind load, and
(b)required to be designed to resist wind load.
(2)Except as provided in Sentence (3), the wind load referred to in Sentence (1) shall be 100% of the specified wind load determined in accordance with Article 4.1.7.1.
(3)Where it can be shown by test or analysis that a material, component, assembly or connection referred to in Sentence (1) will be subject to less than 100% of the specified wind load, the wind load referred to in Sentence (1) shall be not less than the load determined by test or analysis.
(4)Except as provided in Sentence (5), the wind uplift resistance of membrane roofing assemblies shall be determined in accordance with the requirements of CAN/CSA A123.21, “Standard test method for the dynamic wind uplift resistance of membrane-roofing systems.” (See Note A-5.2.2.2.(4))
(5)Membrane roofing assemblies with proven past performance for the anticipated wind loads need not comply with Sentence (4). (See Note A-5.1.4.1.(5))
5.2.2.3. Design Procedures
(1)Structural design shall be carried out in accordance with Subsection 4.1.3. and other applicable requirements in Part 4.
Section 5.3 Heat Transfer (See Note A-5.3.)
5.3.1. Thermal Resistance of Assemblies
5.3.1.1. Required Resistance to Heat Transfer (See Note A-5.3.1.1.)
(1)Except as provided in Sentence (2), where a building component or assembly will be subjected to an intended temperature differential, the component or assembly shall include materials to resist heat transfer or a means to dissipate transferred heat in accordance with the remainder of this Subsection.
(2)The installation of materials to resist heat transfer in accordance with this Subsection is not required where it can be shown that uncontrolled heat transfer will not adversely affect any of
(a)the health or safety of building users,
(b)the intended use of the building, or
(c)the operation of building services.
5.3.1.2. Properties to Resist Heat Transfer or Dissipate Heat (See Note A-5.3.1.2.)
(1)Taking into account the conditions on either side of the environmental separator, materials and components installed to provide the required resistance to heat transfer or the means implemented to dissipate heat shall provide sufficient resistance or dissipation,
(a)to minimize surface condensation on the warm side of the component or assembly,
(b)in conjunction with other materials and components in the assembly, to minimize condensation within the component or assembly,
(c)in conjunction with systems installed for space conditioning, to meet the interior design thermal conditions for the intended occupancy, and
(d)to minimize ice damming on sloped roofs. (See Note A-5.3.1.2.(1))
5.3.1.3. Location and Installation of Materials Providing Thermal Resistance
(1)Where a material required by Article 5.3.1.1. is intersected by a building assembly, penetrated by a high conductance component or interrupted by expansion, control or construction joints, and where condensation is likely to occur at these intersections, penetrations or interruptions, sufficient thermal resistance shall be provided so as to minimize condensation at these locations.
(2)Materials providing required thermal resistance shall have sufficient inherent resistance to airflow or be positioned in the assembly so as to prevent convective airflow through and around the material. (See Note A-5.3.1.3.(2))
Section 5.4 Air Leakage
5.4.1. Air Barrier Systems (See Note A-5.4.1.)
5.4.1.1. Required Resistance to Air Leakage (Note A-5.4.1.1.)
(1)Where a building component or assembly separates interior conditioned space from exterior space, interior space from the ground, or environmentally dissimilar interior spaces, the properties and position of the materials and components in those components or assemblies shall be such that they control air leakage or permit venting to the exterior so as to
(a)provide acceptable conditions for the building occupants,
(b)maintain appropriate conditions for the intended use of the building,
(c)minimize the accumulation of condensation in and the penetration of precipitation into the building component or assembly,
(d)control heat transfer to roofs where ice damming can occur,
(e)minimize the ingress of airborne radon and other soil gases from the ground with an aim to controlling the indoor concentrations of these gases to an acceptable level, and
(f)not compromise the operation of building services. (2) Except as provided in Sentence (7), an air barrier system shall be designed and constructed to provide the principal resistance to air leakage to meet the requirements of Sentence (1). (3) The air barrier system shall incorporate air barrier assemblies that meet the appropriate Performance Class as defined in Table 5.4.1.1. (See Note A-5.4.1.1.(3)) Table 5.4.1.1. Maximum Air Leakage Rates for Air Barrier Assemblies Forming Part of Sentences 5.4.1.1.(3) and (6) and 5.4.1.2.(1) and (2)
(4)The air barrier system shall be designed and constructed to be continuous
(a)across construction, control and expansion joints,
(b)across junctions between different air barrier assemblies, and
(c)around penetrations through air barrier assemblies. (See Note A-5.4.1.1.(4))
(5)The structural design of air barrier assemblies, including junctions between air barrier assemblies, subject to air pressure loads shall comply with Article 5.1.4.1. and Subsection 5.2.2.
(6)The maximum air leakage rates specified in Table 5.4.1.1. are permitted to be increased where it can be shown that the higher rate will not adversely affect any of
(a)the health or safety of the building users,
(b)the intended use of the building, or
(c)the operation of building services.
(7)An air barrier system is not required where it can be shown that uncontrolled air leakage will not adversely affect any of
(a)the health or safety of building users,
(b)the intended use of the building, or
(c)the operation of building services. (See Note A-5.4.1.1.(7))
5.4.1.2. Air Barrier Assemblies
(1)Except as provided in Sentences (2) and (3), air barrier assemblies not in contact with the ground shall
(a)conform with CAN/ULC-S742, “Standard for Air Barrier Assemblies – Specification,” and
(b)meet the selected Performance Class of Table 5.4.1.1. (See Note A-5.4.1.2.(1))
(2)Air barrier assemblies not evaluated in accordance with CAN/ULC-S742, “Standard for Air Barrier Assemblies – Specification,” shall be designed and constructed
(a)to meet or exceed the selected Performance Class of Table 5.4.1.1., and
(b)with at least one air barrier material intended to provide the primary resistance to air leakage that meets the requirements of CAN/ULC-S741, “Standard for Air Barrier Materials – Specification.” (See Note A-5.4.1.2.(2))
(3)Air barrier assemblies covered in Subsections 5.9.2., 5.9.3. and 5.9.4. shall meet the air barrier performance criteria defined in those Subsections.
(4)Below- grade air barrier assemblies in contact with the ground shall minimize the ingress of airborne radon and other soil gases. (See Note A-5.4.1.2.(4))
Section 5.5 Vapour Diffusion
5.5.1. Vapour Barriers
5.5.1.1. Required Resistance to Vapour Diffusion (See Note A-5.5.1.1.)
(1)Where a building component or assembly is subjected to differentials in temperature and water vapour pressure, the properties and position of the materials and components in those components or assemblies shall be such that they control vapour diffusion or permit venting to the exterior so as to minimize accumulation of condensation in the building component or assembly.
(2)Except as provided in Sentence (3), a vapour barrier shall be installed to provide the principal resistance to water vapour diffusion.
(3)A vapour barrier is not required where it can be shown that uncontrolled vapour diffusion will not adversely affect any of
(a)the health or safety of building users,
(b)the intended use of the building, or
(c)the operation of building services.
5.5.1.2. Vapour Barrier Properties and Installation (See Note A-5.3.1.2.)
(1)The vapour barrier shall have sufficiently low permeance and shall be positioned in the building component or assembly so as to
(a)minimize moisture transfer by diffusion, to surfaces within the assembly that would be cold enough to cause condensation at the design temperature and humidity conditions, or
(b)reduce moisture transfer by diffusion, to surfaces within the assembly that would be cold enough to cause condensation at the design temperature and humidity conditions, to a rate that will not allow sufficient accumulation of moisture to cause deterioration or otherwise adversely affect any of,
(i)the health or safety of building users,
(ii)the intended use of the building, or
(iii)the operation of building services. (See Note A-5.5.1.2.(1))
(2)Coatings applied to gypsum wallboard to provide required resistance to vapour diffusion shall conform to the requirements of Sentence (1) when tested in accordance with CAN/CGSB-1.501-M, “Method for Permeance of Coated Wallboard.”
(3)Coatings applied to materials other than gypsum wallboard to provide required resistance to vapour diffusion shall conform to the requirements of Sentence (1) when tested in accordance with ASTM E96/E96M, “Standard Test Methods for Water Vapor Transmission of Materials,” by the desiccant method (dry cup).
Section 5.6 Precipitation
5.6.1. Protection from Precipitation
5.6.1.1. Required Protection from Precipitation (See Note A-5.6.1.1.)
(1)Except as provided in Sentence (2), where a building component or assembly is exposed to precipitation, the component or assembly shall
(a)minimize ingress of precipitation into the component or assembly, and
(b)prevent ingress of precipitation into interior space.
(2)Protection from ingress of precipitation is not required where it can be shown that such ingress will not adversely affect any of
(a)the health or safety of building users,
(b)the intended use of the building, or
(c)the operation of building services.
5.6.1.2. Installation of Protective Materials
(1)Where protective materials are applied to assemblies to provide the required protection from precipitation, they shall be installed so as to shed precipitation or otherwise minimize its entry into the assembly and prevent its penetration through the assembly. (See Note A-5.6.1.2.(1)) (See also Clause 5.3.1.2.(1)(d))
(2)Where protective materials described in Sentence (1) are part of a vegetative roofing system, they shall be resistant to root and rhizome penetration when tested in accordance with ANSI/GRHC/SPRI VR-1, “Procedure for Investigating Resistance to Root or Rhizome Penetration on Vegetative Roofs.” (See Note A-5.6.1.2.(2))
5.6.2. Sealing, Drainage, Accumulation and Disposal
5.6.2.1. Sealing and Drainage (See Note A-5.6.2.1.)
(1)Except as provided in Sentence (2), materials, components, assemblies, joints in materials, junctions between components and junctions between assemblies exposed to precipitation shall be
(a)sealed to prevent ingress of precipitation, or
(b)drained to direct precipitation to the exterior.
(2)Sealing or drainage are not required where it can be shown that the omission of sealing and drainage will not adversely affect any of,
(a)the health or safety of building users,
(b)the intended use of the building, or
(c)the operation of building services.
5.6.2.2. Accumulation and Disposal
(1)Where water, snow or ice can accumulate on a building, provision shall be made to minimize the likelihood of hazardous conditions arising from such accumulation.
(2)Where precipitation can accumulate on sloped or horizontal assemblies, provision shall be made for drainage conforming with Section 7.4.
(3)Where downspouts are provided and are not connected to a sewer, provisions shall be made to,
(a)divert the water from the building, and
(b)prevent soil erosion.
(4)Junctions between vertical assemblies, and sloped or horizontal assemblies, shall be designed and constructed to minimize the flow of water from the sloped or horizontal assembly onto the vertical assembly.
5.6.2.3. Solar Collector Systems
(1)A solar collector system is permitted to be installed above roofing materials conforming to Table 5.9.1.1.
Section 5.7 Surface and Ground Water (See Note A-5.7.)
5.7.1. Site Factors
5.7.1.1. Application
(1)This Subsection applies to the location of buildings, the grading of building sites, the directing of surface water away from building assemblies and the provision of means for drainage.
5.7.1.2. Required Protection
(1)The building shall be located, the building site shall be graded, or surface water shall be directed away from building assemblies so as to
(a)minimize the accumulation of surface water against the building in a manner that does not adversely affect adjacent buildings or properties, or
(b)accommodate the accumulation of surface water on the property in a manner that does not adversely affect the building or adjacent buildings or properties.
(2)Drainage shall be provided to direct surface water away from building assemblies separating interior space from the ground, except,
(a)where the building assembly is designed in accordance with Subsection 5.7.2. to withstand continuous hydrostatic pressure, or
(b)where it can be shown that the lack of drainage will not adversely affect any of
(i)the health or safety of building users,
(ii)the intended use of the building, or
(iii)the operation of building services. (See Note A-5.7.1.2.(2))
5.7.2. Protection Against Hydrostatic Pressure
5.7.2.1. Application
(1)This Subsection applies to waterproofing materials, components, assemblies and systems applied to building assemblies that separate dissimilar environments and are subjected to hydrostatic pressure.
5.7.2.2. Design of Building Elements under Hydrostatic Loads
(1)Waterproofing materials, components, assemblies and systems described in Article 5.7.2.1. shall be designed in accordance with Subsection 5.1.4.
(2)Hydrostatic design loads shall be determined in accordance with Subsection 5.2.2.
5.7.2.3. Required Protection
(1)Waterproofing materials, components, assemblies and systems described in Article 5.7.2.1. shall comply with Article 5.7.3.2.
5.7.3. Protection Against Ground Water
5.7.3.1. Application
(1)This Subsection applies to the protection of building assemblies that separate interior space from the ground.
5.7.3.2. Required Protection
(1)Except as provided in Sentence (2) and Article 5.7.3.4., building assemblies described in Article 5.7.3.1. shall be protected by waterproofing in accordance with Article 5.7.3.3. so as to minimize the ingress of water into the building or the accumulation of water against the building.
(2)Waterproofing is not required where it can be shown that
(a)a building is designed to accommodate the ingress or accumulation of ground water, or
(b)the ingress or accumulation of ground water will not negatively affect
(i)the health or safety of building users,
(ii)the intended use of the building, or
(iii)the operation of building services.
5.7.3.3. Waterproofing
(1)Waterproofing materials, components, assemblies, or systems installed to provide the required protection shall form a continuous and impervious barrier to the ingress of ground water and be capable of accommodating,
(a)imperfections, construction joints, control joints and expansion joints, (See Note A-5.7.3.3.(1)(a))
(b)junctions between different building assemblies, and
(c)elements penetrating building assemblies.
5.7.3.4. Where Dampproofing is Permitted
(1)Vertical building assemblies that separate interior space from the ground are permitted to be dampproofed where,
(a)such assemblies are not subjected to hydrostatic pressure,
(b)the substrate is cast-in-place concrete, and
(c)a drainage layer is installed between the building assembly and the soil. (See Note A-5.7.3.4.(1))
(2)Joints, junctions and penetrations shall be designed and constructed to maintain the continuity of the dampproofing.
Section 5.8 Sound Transmission (See Note A-5.8.)
5.8.1. Protection from Airborne Noise
5.8.1.1. Required Protection
(1)Except as provided in Sentence (2), a dwelling unit shall be separated from every other space in a building in which noise may be generated by
(a)a separating assembly and adjoining constructions, which, together, provide an apparent sound transmission class (ASTC) rating not less than 47, or
(b)a separating assembly that provides a sound transmission class (STC) rating of not less than 50 and adjoining constructions that conform to Article 9.11.1.4.
(2)Construction separating a dwelling unit from an elevator shaft or a refuse chute shall have an STC rating not less than 55.
5.8.1.2. Determination of Sound Transmission Ratings (See Note A-5.8.1.2.)
(1)The STC ratings of separating assemblies shall be determined in accordance with ASTM E413, “Classification for Rating Sound Insulation,” using the results from measurements carried out in accordance with ASTM E90, “Standard Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of Airborne Sound Transmission Loss of Building Partitions and Elements.”
(2)The ASTC ratings of separating assemblies and adjoining constructions shall be
(a)determined in accordance with ASTM E413, “Classification for Rating Sound Insulation,” using the results from measurements carried out in accordance with ASTM E336, “Standard Test Method for Measurement of Airborne Sound Attenuation between Rooms in Buildings,” or
(b)calculated in accordance with
(i)the detailed method described in Article 5.8.1.4., or
(ii)the simplified method described in Article 5.8.1.5.
5.8.1.3. Compliance with Required Ratings
(1)Compliance with the required STC ratings shall be demonstrated through
(a)measurements carried out in accordance with Sentence 5.8.1.2.(1), or
(b)the construction of separating assemblies conforming to Table 1 or 2 of MMAH Supplementary Standard SB-3, “Fire and Sound Resistance of Building Assemblies” as applicable.
(2)Compliance with the required ASTC ratings shall be demonstrated through
(a)measurements or calculations carried out in accordance with Sentence 5.8.1.2.(2), or
(b)the construction of separating assemblies conforming to Table 1 or 2 of MMAH Supplementary Standard SB-3, “Fire and Sound Resistance of Building Assemblies,” as applicable, that have an STC rating not less than 50 in conjunction with flanking assemblies constructed in accordance with Article 9.11.1.4.
5.8.1.4. Detailed Method for Calculating ASTC (See Note 5.8.1.4.) (0.1) This Article sets out the detailed method for calculating the ASTC ratings of separating assemblies and adjoining construction referred to in Subclause 5.8.1.2.(2)(b)(i).
(1)The sound transmission loss measured in accordance with ASTM E90, “Standard Test Method for Laboratory Measurement of Airborne Sound Transmission Loss of Building Partitions and Elements,” shall be used in lieu of the sound reduction index required in ISO 15712-1, “Building Acoustics - Estimation of Acoustic Performance of Buildings From the Performance of Elements - Part 1: Airborne Sound Insulation Between Rooms.”
(2)The vibration reduction index for the junctions between separating assemblies shall be
(a)determined using the equations presented in Annex E of ISO 15712-1, “Building Acoustics - Estimation of Acoustic Performance of Buildings From the Performance of Elements - Part 1: Airborne Sound Insulation Between Rooms,” or
(b)measured in accordance with Parts 1 to 4 of ISO 10848-1, “Acoustics – Laboratory measurement of the flanking transmission of airborne and impact sound between adjoining rooms - Part 1: Frame document.”
(3)The normalized flanking level difference shall be measured in accordance with Parts 1 to 4 of ISO 10848, “Acoustics – Laboratory measurement of the flanking transmission of airborne and impact sound between adjoining rooms.”
(4)The direct sound reduction index for the separating assembly in situ shall be determined from sound transmission loss in accordance with Clause (a) or (b), depending on the type of construction:
(a)for a lightweight separating wall or floor assembly with wood or steel framing, the index shall be taken as equal to the sound transmission loss, without correction;
(b)for a heavyweight separating wall or floor assembly of concrete or masonry, the index shall be determined in accordance with the detailed method for structure-borne transmission presented in ISO 15712-1, “Building Acoustics – Estimation of Acoustic Performance of Buildings From the Performance of Elements – Part 1: Airborne Sound Insulation Between Rooms.” (See Note A-5.8.1.4.(4)(b))
(5)The flanking sound reduction index for each flanking path at each edge of the separating assembly shall be determined in accordance with Clause (a),
(b)for a heavyweight separating wall or floor assembly of concrete and masonry and connected flanking assemblies of concrete and masonry, the index shall be determined in accordance with the detailed method for structure-borne transmission presented in ISO 15712-1, “Building Acoustics - Estimation of Acoustic Performance of Buildings From the Performance of Elements - Part 1: Airborne Sound Insulation Between Rooms”. (See Note A- 5.8.1.4.(4)(b))
(a)for a lightweight separating wall or floor assembly with wood or steel framing and connected lightweight flanking assemblies with wood or steel framing, the index shall be taken as equal to the normalized flanking level difference re-normalized for the ASTC field situation in accordance with Annex F of ISO 15712-1, “Building Acoustics - Estimation of Acoustic Performance of Buildings From the Performance of Elements - Part 1: Airborne Sound Insulation Between Rooms,”
(c)for a mixture of lightweight framed assemblies and heavyweight concrete or masonry assemblies, the index shall be determined in accordance with Clause (a) or (b). (See Note A-5.8.1.4.(4)(b))
(6)Once the pertinent indices and measurements referred to in Sentences (1) to (5) have been determined based on the type of construction, the apparent sound reduction index shall then be determined in accordance with ISO 15712-1, “Building Acoustics - Estimation of Acoustic Performance of Buildings From the Performance of Elements - Part 1: Airborne Sound Insulation Between Rooms.”
(7)The ASTC rating shall be calculated in accordance with ASTM E413, “Classification for Rating Sound Insulation,” using the apparent sound reduction index determined in Sentence (6), which shall be treated as equivalent to the values of apparent sound transmission loss measured in accordance with ASTM E336, “Standard Test Method for Measurement of Airborne Sound Attenuation between Rooms in Buildings.”
5.8.1.5. Simplified Method for Calculating ASTC (See Note A-5.8.1.4.) (0.1) This Article sets out the simplified method for calculating ASTC ratings of separating assemblies and adjoining construction referred to in Subclause 5.8.1.2(2)(b)(ii).
(1)The STC rating shall be used in lieu of the weighted sound reduction index required in ISO 15712-1, “Building Acoustics - Estimation of Acoustic Performance of Buildings From the Performance of Elements - Part 1: Airborne Sound Insulation Between Rooms.”
(2)The vibration reduction index for the junctions between separating assemblies shall be,
(a)determined using the equations presented in Annex E of ISO 15712-1, “Building Acoustics - Estimation of Acoustic Performance of Buildings From the Performance of Elements - Part 1: Airborne Sound Insulation Between Rooms,” or
(b)measured in accordance with Parts 1 to 4 of ISO 10848, “Acoustics – Laboratory Measurement of the Flanking Transmission of Airborne and Impact Sound Between Adjoining Rooms – Part 1: Frame document.”
(3)The weighted normalized flanking level difference shall be determined in accordance with ASTM E413, “Classification for Rating Sound Insulation,” using the results from measurements carried out in accordance with Parts 1 to 4 of ISO 10848, “Acoustics – Laboratory Measurement of the Flanking Transmission of Airborne and Impact Sound Between Adjoining Rooms – Part 1: Frame document.”
(4)The direct weighted sound reduction index for the separating assembly shall be taken as equal to the STC, without correction.
(5)The weighted flanking sound reduction index for each flanking path at each edge of the separating assembly shall be determined in accordance with Clause (a) or (b), depending on the type of construction:
(a)for a lightweight separating wall or floor assembly with wood or steel framing and connected lightweight flanking assemblies with wood or steel framing, the index shall be taken as equal to the weighted normalized flanking level difference re-normalized for the ASTC field situation in accordance with Annex F of ISO 15712-1, “Building Acoustics - Estimation of Acoustic Performance of Buildings From the Performance of Elements - Part 1: Airborne Sound Insulation Between Rooms”;
(b)for a heavyweight separating wall or floor assembly of concrete or masonry and connected flanking assemblies of concrete or masonry, the index shall be determined in accordance with the simplified method for structure-borne transmission presented in ISO 15712-1, “Building Acoustics - Estimation of Acoustic Performance of Buildings From the Performance of Elements - Part 1: Airborne Sound Insulation Between Rooms”. (See Note A- 5.8.1.4.(4)(b))
(6)Once the pertinent indices and measurements referred to in Sentences (1) to (5) have been determined based on the type of construction, the ASTC shall then be calculated in accordance with ISO 15712-1, “Building Acoustics - Estimation of Acoustic Performance of Buildings From the Performance of Elements - Part 1: Airborne Sound Insulation Between Rooms.”
Section 5.9 Standards
5.9.1. Applicable Standards
5.9.1.1. Compliance with Applicable Standards
(1)Except as provided in Sentence (2) and elsewhere in this Part, materials and components, and their installation, shall conform to the requirements of the applicable standards in Table 5.9.1.1. where those materials or components are
(a)incorporated into environmental separators or assemblies exposed to the exterior, and
(b)installed to fulfill the requirements of this Part. (See Note A-5.9.1.1.(1))
(2)The requirements for flame-spread ratings contained in thermal insulation standards shall be applied only as required in Part 3. Table 5.9.1.1. Standards Applicable to Environmental Separators and Assemblies Exposed to the Exterior Forming Part of Sentence 5.9.1.1.(1) Issuing Agency Document Number Title of Document ANSI A135.6 Engineered Wood Siding ASME B18.6.1 Wood Screws (Inch Series) ASTM A123 / A123M Standard Specification for Zinc (Hot-Dip Galvanized) Coatings on Iron and Steel Products ASTM A153 / A153M Standard Specification for Zinc Coating (Hot-Dip) on Iron and Steel Hardware ASTM A653 / A653M
(3)The flame-spread rating of glass mat gypsum panels shall be determined in accordance with CAN/ULC-S102 “Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials and Assemblies,” in lieu of ASTM E84, “Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials,” as indicated in ASTM C1658 / C1658M “Glass Mat Gypsum Panels.”
(4)Standard Specification for Lap Cement Used with Asphalt Roll Roofing, Non-Fibered, and Fibered ASTM D4479 / D4479M Standard Specification for Asphalt Roof Coatings – Asbestos-Free ASTM D4637 / D4637M Standard Specification for EPDM Sheet Used In Single-Ply Roof Membrane ASTM D4811 / D4811M Standard Specification for Nonvulcanized (Uncured) Rubber Sheet Used as Roof Flashing ASTM D6878 / D6878M Standard Specification for Thermoplastic Polyolefin Based Sheet Roofing ASTM E2190 Standard Specification for Insulating Glass Unit Performance and Evaluation BNQ BNQ 3624-115 Polyethylene (PE) Pipe and Fittings for Soil and Foundation Drainage CGSB CAN/CGSB-11.3-M Hardboard CGSB CAN/CGSB-12.1 Safety Glazing CGSB CAN/CGSB-12.2-M Flat, Clear Sheet Glass CGSB CAN/CGSB-12.3-M Flat, Clear Float Glass CGSB CAN/CGSB-12.4-M Heat Absorbing Glass CGSB CAN/CGSB-12.8 Insulating glass units CGSB CAN/CGSB-12.9-M Spandrel glass CGSB 37-GP-9Ma Primer, Asphalt, Unfilled, for Asphalt Roofing, Dampproofing and Waterproofing CGSB CAN/CGSB-37.50-M Hot-Applied, Rubberized Asphalt for Roofing and Waterproofing CGSB CAN/CGSB-37.54 Polyvinyl Chloride Roofing and Waterproofing Membrane CGSB CAN/CGSB-37.58-M Membrane, Elastomeric, Cold-Applied Liquid, for Non-Exposed Use in Roofing and Waterproofing CGSB CAN/CGSB-51.32-M Sheathing, Membrane, Breather Type CGSB CAN/CGSB-51.33-M Vapour Barrier Sheet, Excluding Polyethylene, for Use in Building Construction CGSB CAN/CGSB-51.34-M Vapour Barrier, Polyethylene Sheet for Use in Building Construction CGSB CAN/CGSB-93.1-M Sheet, Aluminum Alloy, Prefinished, Residential CGSB CAN/CGSB-93.2-M Prefinished Aluminum Siding, Soffits, and Fascia, for Residential Use CSA A23.1 Concrete materials and methods of concrete construction CSA CAN/CSA-A82 Fired masonry brick made from clay or shale CSA CAN3-A93-M Natural Airflow Ventilators for Buildings CSA CAN/CSA-A123.2 Asphalt-Coated Roofing Sheets CSA A123.3 Asphalt Saturated Organic Roofing Felt CSA CAN/CSA-A123.4 Asphalt for Constructing Built-Up Roof Coverings and Waterproofing Systems CSA A123.5 Asphalt shingles made from glass felt and surfaced with mineral granules CSA CAN/CSA-A123.16 Asphalt-coated glass-base sheets CSA A123.17 Asphalt Glass Felt Used in Roofing and Waterproofing CSA A123.23 Product specification for polymer-modified bitumen sheet, prefabricated and reinforced CSA A123.51 Asphalt shingle application on roof slopes 1:6 and steeper
5.9.2. Windows, Doors and Skylights
5.9.2.1. General
(1)This Subsection applies to windows, doors and skylights, including their components, that separate
(a)interior space from exterior space, or
(b)environmentally dissimilar interior spaces.
(2)For the purpose of this Subsection, the term “skylight” refers to unit skylights, roof windows and tubular daylighting devices.
(3)Where a wired glass assembly is installed in a required fire separation, it need not conform to the requirements of this Subsection. (See Note A-5.9.2.1.(3))
5.9.2.2. Applicable Standards (See Note 5.9.2.2.)
(1)Windows, doors and skylights shall conform to the requirements in
(a)AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440, “North American Fenestration Standard/Specification for windows, doors, and skylights” (Harmonized Standard), and
(b)CSA A440S1, “Canadian Supplement to AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440-17, North American Fenestration Standard/Specification for windows, doors, and skylights.”
(2)Performance grades for windows, doors and skylights shall be selected according to the Canadian Supplement referenced in Clause (1)(b) so as to be appropriate for the conditions and geographic location in which the window, door or skylight will be installed.
(3)Windows, doors and skylights shall conform to the performance grades selected in Sentence (2) when tested in accordance with the Harmonized Standard referenced in Clause (1)(a).
5.9.2.3. Structural Loads, Air Leakage and Water Penetration
(1)Windows, doors, skylights and their components shall be designed and constructed in accordance with
(a)Article 5.1.4.1., Section 5.4. and Section 5.6., where they are not covered in the scope of the standards listed in Sentence 5.9.2.2.(1), or
(b)Article 5.9.2.2., where they are covered in the scope of the standards listed in Sentence 5.9.2.2.(1). (See Note A-5.9.2.3.(1))
5.9.2.4. Heat Transfer
(1)Windows, doors and skylights shall meet the heat transfer performance requirements stated in Section 5.3. (See Note A-5.3.1.2.))
(2)Except as provided in Sentence (3), all metal-framed glazed assemblies separating interior conditioned space from interior unconditioned space or exterior space shall incorporate a thermal break to minimize condensation.
(3)Metal-framed glazed assemblies need not comply with Sentence (2) where these assemblies are
(a)storm windows or doors, or
(b)windows or doors that are required to have a fire-protection rating. (See Note A-5.9.2.4.(3))
5.9.3. Other Fenestration Assemblies (See Note A-5.9.3.)
5.9.3.1. Definition
(1)In this Subsection, “other fenestration assemblies” means curtain walls, window walls, storefronts and glazed architectural structures. (See Note A-5.9.3.1.(1))
5.9.3.2. Structural and Environmental Loads
(1)Other fenestration assemblies and their components shall be designed and constructed in accordance with Article 5.1.4.1. (See Note A-5.9.3.2.(1))
5.9.3.3. Heat Transfer
(1)Other fenestration assemblies and their components shall meet the heat transfer performance requirements stated in Section 5.3. (See Note A-5.9.3.3.(1))
(2)Other fenestration assemblies using metal framing that separate interior conditioned space from interior unconditioned space or exterior space shall incorporate a thermal break to minimize condensation.
5.9.3.4. Air Leakage
(1)Other fenestration assemblies and their components shall be designed and constructed in accordance with Section 5.4.
(2)Except as provided in Sentence (3), other fenestration assemblies and their components shall have an air leakage characteristic, measured at an air pressure difference of 75 Pa, when tested in accordance with ASTM E283, “Standard Test Method for Determining Rate of Air Leakage Through Exterior Windows, Curtain Walls, and Doors Under Specified Pressure Differences Across the Specimen,” that is not greater than
(a)0.2 L/(s×m
(3)The following systems need not comply with Sentence (2):
(a)interior windows and interior doors that do not serve as environmental separators,
(b)vehicular access doors (garage doors),
(c)storm windows and storm doors,
(d)commercial entrance systems,
(e)revolving doors,
(f)smoke and relief air vents,
(g)site-built door systems, and
(h)commercial steel doors. (See Note A-5.9.3.4.(3))
5.9.3.5. Water Penetration
(1)Other fenestration assemblies and their components shall be designed and constructed in accordance with Section 5.6.
(2)Except as provided in Sentence (4), other fenestration assemblies and their components not covered in Article 5.9.2.2. shall resist water penetration when tested in accordance with
(a)ASTM E331, “Standard Test Method for Water Penetration of Exterior Windows, Skylights, Doors, and Curtain Walls by Uniform Static Air Pressure Difference,” or
(b)ASTM E547, “Standard Test Method for Water Penetration of Exterior Windows, Skylights, Doors, and Curtain Walls by Cyclic Static Air Pressure Difference.” (See Note A-5.9.3.5.(2))
(3)Tests referred to in Sentence (2) shall be carried out at the driving rain wind pressure as calculated in accordance with CSA A440S1, “Canadian Supplement to AAMA/WDMA/CSA 101/I.S.2/A440-17, North American Fenestration Standard/Specification for windows, doors, and skylights.” (See Note A-5.9.3.5.(3))
(4)The following systems need not comply with Sentence (2):
(a)interior windows and interior doors,
(b)vehicular access doors (garage doors),
(c)storm windows and storm doors,
(d)commercial entrance systems,
(e)revolving doors,
(f)smoke and relief air vents,
(g)site-built door systems, and
(h)commercial steel doors. (See Note A-5.9.3.5.(4))
5.9.4. Exterior Insulation Finish Systems
5.9.4.1. Structural Loads, Heat Transfer, Air Leakage, Vapour Diffusion and Water Penetration
(1)Exterior insulation finish systems and their components shall comply with
(a)Subsection 5.1.4. and Sections 5.3. to 5.6., and
(b)CAN/ULC-S716.1, “Standard for Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems (EIFS) - Materials and Systems,” where covered in the scope of that standard. (See Note A-5.9.4.1.(1))